NON-INVASIVE GLUCOSE MONITORING USING ESP32 AND NIR SENSOR

Abstract

The rapid advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) and embedded systems has significantly improved modern healthcare solutions. This paper presents the development of a non-invasive glucose monitoring system using an ESP32 microcontroller and a near-infrared (NIR) sensor to estimate glucose levels in real time. Unlike traditional invasive methods, which require blood samples, the proposed system uses NIR technology to analyse light absorption through human tissues, providing a painless and convenient alternative for diabetic patients. The system combines a MAX30102 PPG sensor, which measures heart rate and oxygen saturation (SpO₂), and a temperature sensor to measure body temperature to increase the accuracy and reliability of health monitoring. These supplementary parameters will help in a more thorough examination of the health status of the patient. The ESP32 microcontroller is the central processing unit, and it receives the data, processes it and works with the IoT platforms (ThingSpeak) to see the results in real-time and monitor the system remotely. The system can also be used to send alerts in case of abnormal health conditions such as an increase in glucose levels. Overall, the proposed system is easy to use and affordable, and this feature could serve to monitor a person constantly, making it a practical solution for smart healthcare and preventive medical applications.