IoT-Based Smart Helmet Powered by Worn-Out Solar Panels for Sustainable Industrial Safety

Abstract

Worker safety in hazardous environments such as construction sites, mining areas, and firefighting operations is a critical concern. These environments often expose workers to extreme temperatures, toxic gases, and oxygen-deficient conditions, which can lead to severe injuries or fatalities. This paper presents the design and implementation of an IoT-based Smart Safety Helmet that continuously monitors environmental conditions and provides automatic safety responses.The system uses sensors to detect temperature, gas concentration (ppm), and oxygen levels. A cooling fan is activated when the temperature exceeds safe limits, while an oxygen supply mechanism is triggered when the air becomes unsafe for breathing. Additionally, a GPS module enables real-time location tracking of workers, which is essential during emergency rescue operations. The system is powered by a rechargeable battery with solar-assisted charging for continuous operation. The proposed solution is cost-effective, energy-efficient, and highly suitable for real-world industrial applications.